OLAC Record oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/5090

Metadata
Title:		Language revitalisation in a multilingual community: the case of Michif(s)
Bibliographic Citation:		Rosen, Nicole, Souter, Heather, Rosen, Nicole, Souter, Heather; 2009-03-12; In this talk, we discuss how the forcing of a Western model of identity where one culture = one language has caused divisiveness within the traditionally multilingual and multicultural Métis community, and discuss ways in which to overcome this divisiveness when attempting collaborative language revitalization initiatives. The Métis are the descendants of French and First Nations intermarriage in Canada’s Northwest during the Fur Trade. In the early 19th century, the Métis flourished and began to think of themselves as a separate people (Sealey & Lussier 1975: 3), distinct from either French or First Nations. Métis people traditionally spoke a few of Cree, Ojibwe, Sioux, French, English, and a Plains Cree-French mixed language, called Michif today. In this talk, we show that the multilingualism and multiculturalism of the Métis people which allowed them to flourish in the early 19th century may hold back progress in revitalization and documentation today, due to an attempt to fit a traditionally multilingual people into a Western tradition of unilingualism. For revitalization efforts to succeed, it is often said that the language community must actively support the language and the revitalization efforts. Delineating this community is not normally an issue; the language shares the same name as the ethnicity/culture, or community members feel bound together by their language. However, the Michif/Métis situation is much more complicated. The multilingual nature of the culture results in the term Michif designating at least 3 languages: the Métis variety of French; the Métis variety of Cree, and the Plains Cree-French mixed language. Although the Métis share history, music and traditions, language has become a catalyst for community divisiveness rather than unity, which becomes a serious problem in collaborative revitalization efforts. For example, in order to access federal funding, the mixed-language Michif has been designated as the Métis Nation’s official language, resulting in the hierarchicization of this language over the others. Speakers of this language are now the prestige group, eligible for funding, while speakers of other Métis languages are left frustrated that their language has been demoted by their own people, unable to access the same funding. This is just one example discussed of the difficulties arising from the shift from a multilingual to a unilingual society. This paper shows how an inclusive model such as Junker’s East Cree language project may be used to not only renew pride in a language, but also pride in a multilingual society.; Kaipuleohone University of Hawai'i Digital Language Archive;http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5090.
Contributor (speaker):		Rosen, Nicole
		Souter, Heather
Creator:		Rosen, Nicole
		Souter, Heather
Date (W3CDTF):		2009-03-14
Description:		In this talk, we discuss how the forcing of a Western model of identity where one culture = one language has caused divisiveness within the traditionally multilingual and multicultural Métis community, and discuss ways in which to overcome this divisiveness when attempting collaborative language revitalization initiatives. The Métis are the descendants of French and First Nations intermarriage in Canada’s Northwest during the Fur Trade. In the early 19th century, the Métis flourished and began to think of themselves as a separate people (Sealey & Lussier 1975: 3), distinct from either French or First Nations. Métis people traditionally spoke a few of Cree, Ojibwe, Sioux, French, English, and a Plains Cree-French mixed language, called Michif today. In this talk, we show that the multilingualism and multiculturalism of the Métis people which allowed them to flourish in the early 19th century may hold back progress in revitalization and documentation today, due to an attempt to fit a traditionally multilingual people into a Western tradition of unilingualism. For revitalization efforts to succeed, it is often said that the language community must actively support the language and the revitalization efforts. Delineating this community is not normally an issue; the language shares the same name as the ethnicity/culture, or community members feel bound together by their language. However, the Michif/Métis situation is much more complicated. The multilingual nature of the culture results in the term Michif designating at least 3 languages: the Métis variety of French; the Métis variety of Cree, and the Plains Cree-French mixed language. Although the Métis share history, music and traditions, language has become a catalyst for community divisiveness rather than unity, which becomes a serious problem in collaborative revitalization efforts. For example, in order to access federal funding, the mixed-language Michif has been designated as the Métis Nation’s official language, resulting in the hierarchicization of this language over the others. Speakers of this language are now the prestige group, eligible for funding, while speakers of other Métis languages are left frustrated that their language has been demoted by their own people, unable to access the same funding. This is just one example discussed of the difficulties arising from the shift from a multilingual to a unilingual society. This paper shows how an inclusive model such as Junker’s East Cree language project may be used to not only renew pride in a language, but also pride in a multilingual society.
Identifier (URI):		http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5090
Language:		English
Language (ISO639):		eng
Rights:		Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported
Table Of Contents:		5090.jpg
		5090.mp3
		5090.pdf
OLAC Info
Archive:		Language Documentation and Conservation
Description:		http://www.language-archives.org/archive/ldc.scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu
GetRecord:		OAI-PMH request for OLAC format
GetRecord:		Pre-generated XML file
OAI Info
OaiIdentifier:		oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/5090
DateStamp:		2016-02-11
GetRecord:		OAI-PMH request for simple DC format
Search Info
Citation:		Rosen, Nicole; Souter, Heather. 2009. Language Documentation and Conservation.
Terms:		area_Europe country_GB iso639_eng